winkler



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 E. T. WINKLER. REFRIGERATING MACHINE.

Pa. tentedAr. 16, 1895.

mr m w m M l M 5%. if /M (No Model.) 2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

E. T. WINKLER. RBFRIGERATING MACHINE.

No. 537,623.V

lmemedlpr. 16, 1895@ 227% ff/MM?, y

i@ QW www llNrrnn STATES PATENT? Ormes.

EHREGOTT T. WINKLER, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND.MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE VVINKLER MACHINE MANUFACTUR- ING- COMPANY, OFSAMEPLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 537,623, dated April16, 1895.

Application iled February 16, 1894. Renewed March 13. 1895. Serial No.541,624. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EHREGOTT T. WINKLER, a citizen of the United Statesof America, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and Stateof Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inRefrigerating-Machines, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to refrigerating ma- 1o chines of that class inwhich the circulation of ammonia or other volatile agent is maintainedthrough an evaporator and condenser and system of pipes by means ofexhaust and force pumps.

The machine includes the double acting pumpl connected in the system ofpipes alternately exhausting and condensing, on each side of the piston.The machine includes also as a second part an arrangement of pipes 2oconnected with an exhaust and with an intermediate chamber between thepacking rings for saving any of the vapor which may leak through thefirst set of packing rings. Thirdly the machine includes an improvez 5ment in an oil cup and its relation to the exhaust pipe. Fourthly themachine includes an improved form of valve regulating the iiow of thecirculating medium to the evaporator and adapted to be adjusted at willand 3o thereafter to act automatically.

My said invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1, presents the system of pipes conveniently arranged forillustration in side elevation with the oil cup and the regulating valvemechanism in vertical longitudinal section and the compressor or pump inend view. l Fig. 2, shows a vertical longitudinal sectional View of thecylinder and its intermediate con- 4o nections and appendages. Fig. 3,is a detail view of the stuffing box packing rings.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 1, the compressor is shown at Afrom the pressure side thereof, a pipe a, leading through the condenserB to the valve chamber C. This pipe has an ordinary gage d, which may beset at any convenient point. From the valve chamber c, the exhaust pipee, leads through the evaporator and through the oil 5o cup F of theexhaust side ot the pump.

vThe evaporator G and the condenser B may be ofany construction suitedto the purpose.

The details of the construction of the pump are shown more clearly inFig. 2. The pump consists ot' a single cylinder and a single piston, thecylinder being indicated atI and the piston at K. The connection of thecondensing pipe a, is shown on the upper side and on the lower theconnection of the exhaust pipe e is represented. These connections aresurrounded buv-suitable packing. The piston rod lo, extends through astuffing box L and is surrounded by two sets of packing rings one set oneach side of a sleeve Z. The sleeve Z occupies the central part of thestuffing box chamber and is formed to leave an annular `recess Zabout'the piston rod, and another 1simi-lar annularchamber coterminouswith the first and next to the wall of the stuftlng box chamber. A thinpartition in the sleeve between these two chambers has perforations 3which allow the passage of the oil and'any 0f the vapor which may leakthrough the inner packing to pass from the inner annular chamber to theouter. A pipe m leads from the outer chamber to the oil cup and mainlexhaust pipe as hereinafter more fully explained.

The packing consists of metal rings n which are made up of sections 4l,and these are so Iplaced that the joints between the sections of onering are opposite the solid portions of the next contiguous ring. Thediameter of these rings is less than the interior diameter of thestuffing box chamber, and the rings are surrounded by an elastic sleeveo, which fills the remaining space. The rings and sleeve on the innerend bear against a block N through which the Ipiston rod works. AThesleeve l bears against the otherV end and the outer rings with theirrubber sleeves bear against the outer end of the sleeve Z. The requisitepressure is applied to the packing rings by means of the plug andthreaded cap in the ordinary manner. The entrance of the other pipe mfrom the oil cup is shown at 5.

The oil cup F is formed of a glass cylinder` f held in caps 6 by bolts7. The pipe m from the chamber in the stuffingbox extends .through thelower cap and terminates within the oil chamber of the cup near itsupper end The other pipe m' extends through the same lower cap andterminates Hush with its inner surface.

As clearly shown in Fig. l the exhaust pipe from the evaporator extendsthrough the oil cup. It is provided with an opening a.' shown in theinterior of the oil cup near its upper end. The ol is fed to the stungbox chamber through the pipe m. Pressure leaking through the rings fromthe stufng box will escape through this pipe into the upper part oftheoil chamber, whence it is turned through the orifice in the exhaust pipee and returned to the general circulation. The oil is maintained yinthe'cup at a proper level in relation to the pipe e and any suitablemeans may be used to regulate the flow of the oil from the oil cup tothe stuffing box.

Difliculty has heretofore been experienced in the operation of theregulating valve controlling the flow of the liquid to the evaporator.There is a tendency in the regulator valve to stick on account ofobstruction caused by the low temperature created by the exhaust. Inorder to avoid this and to maintain this valve in a free condition andunder proper balance I have located it wholly in the chamber containingthe refrigerating agent in a condensed form. The casing containing thevalve is shown in Fig. l at C, that part of the gure illustrating it invertical longitudinal section. The valve p consists of a slide movableover a seat in line with the pipe e, leading to the evaporator. Theslide plays freely so that it may have necessary motion to open or closethe port leading to the evaporator. Through the valve casing passes arock shat' t carrying. a segmental gear engaging with the ratchet teethof the slide valve. The rock shaft passes through suitable stuffingboxes on the outside and is provided with an arm 8, said arm beingconnected by a link 25 with the arm 26 on the piston rod 27 connectedwith the piston 11 moving in a cylinder 12. This cylinder is connectedby a pipe 13 to the pipe fm and re- -ceives oil from the oil cup F sothat the said piston 1l is under the exhaust pressure through the oilcup, the oil in which it will be seen is under the exhaust pressurethrough the openingxin the exhaust pipe `e. This pipe 13 has a suitablepressure gage 14:. This piston is placed under an adjustable resistanceopposing the exhaust pressure for which purpose I extend the piston rod,screw thread the same at 30 to receive a traveling nut 3l, the hub ofwhich is grooved to receive the edge of the casing 32 which may thus beadjusted along the piston rod to telescope more or less With thecompanion casing 33 tixed rigidly to the frame at 34C and having anopening through which the piston rod may slide. A spring 35 is placedbetween the two casings being held to the rigid and adjustable casingsby hooks and nuts 36. The end of the piston rod slides through a4bearing 37 at the end of the frame. From this arrangement it 'will beseen that by turning the nut on the piston rod the spring will beadjusted and more or less resistance placed on the piston to control theoperation of the regulator valve.

The spring is distended to vary its resistance and to act in oppositionto the exhaust pressure. The tension of the spring acting through theconnections described tends to close the valve while the exhaustpressure tends to force the piston against the pull of the springto openthe valve. The nut is used to regulate the tension of the spring at anydesired point, and when this is properly seated the valve is moved byany variation in the pressure in the exhaust whereby the supply of therefrigerating agent is regulated to correspond to the pressure in theexhaust. The valve chamber is accessible only to the condensed liquidand the exhaust is wholly outside of it, so that the same temperature ismaintained around the valve and its stem and no danger can arise fromthe freezing about the working parts. It will be seen from thisarrangement that the regular valve is rendered extremely sensitive. Itis relieved entirely from the exhaust pressure and changes intemperature, and the tension of the spring is not appliedv to this valvedirectly nor the rock shaft for operating it but to the piston and thepressure of the spring is directly opposed to the action of the pistonand axially of the same, thus relieving the-valve of all torsionalstrain or frictional resistance.

The valves Q regulate the passages to the condensing pipe and Q those tothe exhaust. The valves Q are connected with a condensing pipe by acommon passage q and the valves Q are connected with the exhaust by acommon passage q. This arrangement permits the piston to operate bothupon the pressure and the exhaust pipe in both directions of the strokesand the loss of gas which would otherwise be occasioned by the pressureof the outstroke against the stung boxes is prevented by theintermediate pipes leading therefrom to the exhaust through the oilcups.

In the operation of the machine it will be understood that a pressureabove one atmosphere is maintained in the exhaust there being a higherpressure of fty or sixty pounds to the square inch on the condensingside of the pump.

It will be noticed from Fig. 2, th at the valves Q Q are constructed andarranged particularly with a view to preventing straining of theexperience and remains fixed so that there can be no tampering with thevalve and no danger for the parts to get out of adjustment or to workloose. The valve shank is made sufticiently heavy to avoid straining thevalve or stem and prevent liability of displacement.`

The exhaust valves Q are also constructed and arranged with a view todurability and security against displacement or straining. The movementof the valve is limited by a hood 39X secured to the reduced threadedpart of the valve stem 40 and having a spring 4l placed between the hoodand the valve guide 42. The hood strikes against this guide and the headof the valve is relieved from all pounding against the adjacent part ofthe pump frame, thus preventing straining of the valve or its stem. Thisvalve is also provided with a thickened stem. The valve is arranged in asuitable box 43.

I claim- 1. In combination, the evaporator and condenser, the oil cup Fhaving pipe m connecting with the compressor, the exhaust pipe e.communicating with the oil cup, the regulating valve, the piston withits casing and the pipe 13 communicating with the exhaust side of thecompressor through the oil cup and exhaust pipe e, substantially asdescribed.

2. In combination, the compressor having a stuffing box with a vaporchamber, the evaporator and condenser, the regulating valve with pistonand casing, the oil cup having pipe connections to the stalling box andvapor chamber respectively the exhaust pipe e communicating With the oilcup and the pipe 13 from the piston casing also communicating with theoil cup, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

EHREGOTT T. WINKLER.

Witnesses:

HENRY E. COOPER, J AMES M. SPEAK.

